The Quran, like many of the religious texts before it, does not address the rights of human beings per se. Rather, it emphasizes the fact that all rights are derived from God through the intervention of prophets, and are dependent on the righteousness of individual lives. The following are quotations from various books and from translations of the Quran.

Arthur Jefferey, Islam: Muhammad and his Religion: Abi Talib explained the rights and duties of human beings in Islam and their relationship to God to the King of Abyssinia, quoting from the teachings of the Prophet.

O King, we were a people, ignorant pagan folk, worshipping idols (XIV, 35/38), eating what was found dead (II, 173168) committing shameless profligacy (VI, 151/152), cutting ties of kinship (XLVII, 22/24), failing in our obligations to those under our protection (IV, 36/40), the strong among us devouring the weak. Thus we were till Allah sent us an Apostle from among us (III, 164/158), whose genealogy, truthfulness, faithfulness, and abstemiousness we know. He summoned us to Allah, Whom we should recognize as unique, Whom we should worship, abandoning the stones and idols (XXII, 30/31) we and our fathers had been wont to be worship instead of him. He bade us speak truthfully, deal faithfully, observe kinship ties, treat well those under our protection, and refrain from forbidden things and bloodletting (II, 84/78). He forbade us to commit shameless profligacy, to speak what is false to slander chaste women (XXIV, 4). He bade us worship Allah, without associating anything with Him (IV, 36/40). He bade us pray, pay legal alms, fast, and (Jafer went on to) enumerate all the duties of Islam. (p. 76)

Islam is based on five precepts acknowledging a single deity, prayer, giving alms, pilgrimage to Mecca and fasting during Ramadan. These are applicable to both men and women. (p. 81)

The Koran, a translation by N.J. Dawood, 1956:

You shall not kill children for the fear of want (an allusion to the pre-Islamic custom of burying alive unwanted newborn girls); provide for them and for you. To kill them is a great sin. You shall not commit adultery, for it is foul and indecent. Do not interfere with the property of orphans except with the best of motives, until they reach maturity. Keep your promises; you are accountable for all you promise. (p. 235)

Put orphans to the test until they reach a marriageable age. If you find them capable of sound judgement, hand over to them their property, and do not deprive them of it by squandering it before they come of age. (p. 366)

Righteousness does not consist in whether you face towards east or west. The righteous man is he who believes in Allah and the Last Day, in the angels, scriptures and Prophets; who for the love of Allah gives his wealth to his kinfolk, to the orphans, to the needy, to the wayfarers and to the beggars, and for the redemption of captives; who attends to his prayers and pays the alms-tax; who is true to his promises and is steadfast in trial and adversity and in times of war. Such are the true believers such are the God-fearing. (p. 350)

You shall inherit the half of your wives' estate if they die childless. If they leave children, a quarter of their estate shall be yours after payment of their debts and any legacies they may have been bequeathed. Your wives shall inherit one quarter of your estate if you die childless. If you leave children, they shall inherit one-eighth, after payment of your debts and any legacies you may have bequeathed. (p. 367)

Enjoin believing women to turn their eyes away from temptation and to preserve their chastity; to cover their adornments (except such as are normally displayed); to draw their veils over their bosoms and not to reveal their finery, except to their family. (p. 216)

Serve Allah and associate none with Him. Show kindness to your parents an your kindred to the orphans and the needy, to your near and distant neighbor. Allah does not love the arrogant and boastful men, who are themselves niggardly and enjoin others to be niggardly; who conceal the riches which Allah of his bounty has bestowed upon them. (p. 370)

The Holy Qu'ran, translated by Maul Muhammad Ali, 1917:

Believers, fulfill your duties to Allah and bear true witness. Do not allow your hatred for other men to turn away from justice. Deal justly; justice is nearer to true piety. And do not covet that by which Allah has made some of you excel others: men shall have the benefit of what they earn; and women shall have the benefit of what they earn. (p. 210)

Give women their dowries as a free gift, but if they of themselves be pleased to give up to you a portion of it. (p. 200) It is not lawful for you to take women as heritage against their will and do not straiten them in order that you may take part of what you have given them. (p. 206) Women can give up dowry "there is no blame on them for what she gives up to become free thereby. (p. 106)

Though the Quran does not directly address human rights as they are currently defined, it does seek to guide Muslim men and women toward interpersonal rights and justice.